Snake 3D
published on 8/22/2025
interactive example
Voxel Snake Game Animation
This guide walks you through how to generate a 3D voxel animation of a snake game using SpatialStudio.
The script creates a snake that moves through a 3D grid, collects glowing items, grows longer, and plays sound effects, all rendered into a .splv video file.
What this script does
- Creates a 128×128×128 voxel scene
- Animates a snake that moves smoothly, turns at right angles, and grows when it eats
- Spawns gold collectibles that pulse and trigger particle bursts when collected
- Renders score and GAME OVER using a 5x5 voxel font
- Records sound events during simulation and encodes them into the final
.splvfile
How it works
-
Grid to voxel mapping The snake moves on an
8×8×8logical grid. Each grid cell maps to a16×16×16block of voxels in the 128³ volume. -
Smooth motion Head movement is interpolated between cells for fluid visuals, while body segments follow discretely.
-
Collectibles and particles Collectibles pulse in brightness and spawn a sparkle burst on pickup. Particles fade and fall with gravity.
-
Text rendering A 5x5 bitmap font is drawn into voxels to show HUD elements and end text.
-
Audio synthesis Pickup chimes and a game over tone are synthesized and packed directly into the
.splvaudio track. -
Encoding Frames and audio are passed to
splv.Encoder, which writes the.splvoutput.
Try it yourself
Install dependencies:
pip install spatialstudio numpy tqdm
Save the script as snake_game.py and run:
python snake_game.py
You will get snake_game.splv with visuals and audio.
Full Script
#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
Voxel Snake Game Animation
Creates an aesthetically pleasing 3D snake that moves through a grid at constant speed
The snake follows classic game mechanics - moving in straight lines and turning at right angles
"""
import math
import numpy as np
import spatialstudio as splv
from tqdm import tqdm
import random
import wave
import struct
import subprocess
import os
# Text rendering system (adapted from text_experiments/text.py)
FONT_5x5 = {
'A': [
" X ",
" X X ",
" XXX ",
" X X ",
" X X ",
],
'B': [
" XX ",
" X X ",
" XX ",
" X X ",
" XX ",
],
'C': [
" XX ",
" X ",
" X ",
" X ",
" XX ",
],
'D': [
" XX ",
" X X ",
" X X ",
" X X ",
" XX ",
],
'E': [
" XXX ",
" X ",
" XX ",
" X ",
" XXX ",
],
'F': [
" XXX ",
" X ",
" XX ",
" X ",
" X ",
],
'G': [
" XX ",
" X ",
" X X ",
" X X ",
" XX ",
],
'H': [
" X X ",
" X X ",
" XXX ",
" X X ",
" X X ",
],
'I': [
" XXX ",
" X ",
" X ",
" X ",
" XXX ",
],
'J': [
" XX ",
" X ",
" X ",
" X X ",
" X ",
],
'K': [
" X X ",
" X X ",
" XX ",
" X X ",
" X X ",
],
'L': [
" X ",
" X ",
" X ",
" X ",
" XXX ",
],
'M': [
" X X ",
" XXX ",
" X X ",
" X X ",
" X X ",
],
'N': [
" X X",
" XX X",
" X XX",
" X X",
" X X",
],
'O': [
" XXX ",
" X X ",
" X X ",
" X X ",
" XXX ",
],
'P': [
" XX ",
" X X ",
" XX ",
" X ",
" X ",
],
'Q': [
" XXX ",
" X X ",
" X X ",
" XXX ",
" X ",
],
'R': [
" XX ",
" X X ",
" XX ",
" X X ",
" X X ",
],
'S': [
" XX ",
" X ",
" X ",
" X ",
" XX ",
],
'T': [
" XXX ",
" X ",
" X ",
" X ",
" X ",
],
'U': [
" X X ",
" X X ",
" X X ",
" X X ",
" XXX ",
],
'V': [
" X X ",
" X X ",
" X X ",
" X X ",
" X ",
],
'W': [
" X X ",
" X X ",
" X X ",
" XXX ",
" X X ",
],
'X': [
" X X ",
" X X ",
" X ",
" X X ",
" X X ",
],
'Y': [
" X X ",
" X X ",
" X ",
" X ",
" X ",
],
'Z': [
" XXX ",
" X ",
" X ",
" X ",
" XXX ",
],
'0': [
" XXX ",
" X X ",
" X X ",
" X X ",
" XXX ",
],
'1': [
" X ",
" XX ",
" X ",
" X ",
" XXX ",
],
'2': [
" XXX ",
" X ",
" XXX ",
" X ",
" XXX ",
],
'3': [
" XXX ",
" X ",
" XX ",
" X ",
" XXX ",
],
'4': [
" X X ",
" X X ",
" XXX ",
" X ",
" X ",
],
'5': [
" XXX ",
" X ",
" XXX ",
" X ",
" XXX ",
],
'6': [
" XX ",
" X ",
" XXX ",
" X X ",
" XXX ",
],
'7': [
" XXX ",
" X ",
" X ",
" X ",
" X ",
],
'8': [
" XXX ",
" X X ",
" XXX ",
" X X ",
" XXX ",
],
'9': [
" XXX ",
" X X ",
" XXX ",
" X ",
" XX ",
],
' ': [
" ",
" ",
" ",
" ",
" ",
],
':': [
" ",
" X ",
" ",
" X ",
" ",
],
}
def render_char(frame, ch, x0, y0, z0, color=(255,255,255), axis='z', scale=1):
ch = ch.upper()
bitmap = FONT_5x5.get(ch, FONT_5x5[' '])
height = len(bitmap)
for y, row in enumerate(bitmap):
for x, c in enumerate(row):
if c == 'X':
# Flip Y by subtracting from height
flipped_y = height - 1 - y
# Render scaled pixels with bounds checking
for sy in range(int(scale)):
for sx in range(int(scale)):
if axis == 'z':
voxel_x = x0 + x * int(scale) + sx
voxel_y = y0 + flipped_y * int(scale) + sy
if 0 <= voxel_x < SIZE and 0 <= voxel_y < SIZE and 0 <= z0 < SIZE:
add_voxel_safe(frame, voxel_x, voxel_y, z0, color)
def render_string(frame, text, x0, y0, z0, spacing=1, color=(255,255,255), axis='z', scale=1):
step = (5 * scale) + spacing
for i, ch in enumerate(text):
if axis == 'z':
render_char(frame, ch, x0 + int(i * step), y0, z0, color, axis, scale)
# Animation parameters
SIZE = 128 # 128x128x128 voxel grid
FPS = 30 # frames per second
SECONDS = 60 # duration in seconds (1 minute)
FRAMES = FPS * SECONDS
OUTPUT_PATH = "snake_game.splv"
# Snake game parameters
GRID_SIZE = 8 # Snake moves on an 8x8x8 logical grid within the voxel space
SNAKE_SPEED = 4.0 # grid cells per second (increased from 2.0)
SNAKE_LENGTH = 3 # initial length in segments (smaller snake)
SEGMENT_SIZE = 2 # voxel thickness of each segment (thinner segments)
# Collectible parameters
MAX_COLLECTIBLES = 3 # maximum number of collectibles on screen at once
COLLECTIBLE_SIZE = 3 # voxel size of collectibles
COLLECTIBLE_SPAWN_RATE = 1.5 # probability of spawning a collectible per second
# Calculate voxel positions from grid coordinates
CELL_SIZE = SIZE // GRID_SIZE # Each grid cell is 16x16x16 voxels
def grid_to_voxel(grid_pos):
"""Convert grid coordinates to voxel coordinates (centered in cell)"""
return [int((pos + 0.5) * CELL_SIZE) for pos in grid_pos]
def add_voxel_safe(frame, x, y, z, color):
"""Safely add a voxel with bounds checking"""
if 0 <= x < SIZE and 0 <= y < SIZE and 0 <= z < SIZE:
frame.set_voxel(x, y, z, color)
def generate_pickup_sound(filename="collectible_pickup.wav", duration=0.3, sample_rate=44100):
"""Generate a pleasant pickup sound effect"""
frames = []
# Generate a pleasant ascending chime sound
for i in range(int(duration * sample_rate)):
t = float(i) / sample_rate
# Create a pleasant chime with multiple harmonics
# Main frequency sweeps up from 440Hz to 880Hz
freq = 440 + (440 * t / duration)
# Add harmonics for richness
wave1 = math.sin(freq * 2.0 * math.pi * t) * 0.5
wave2 = math.sin(freq * 3.0 * 2.0 * math.pi * t) * 0.3
wave3 = math.sin(freq * 5.0 * 2.0 * math.pi * t) * 0.2
# Envelope: quick attack, gradual decay
envelope = math.exp(-t * 5.0)
# Combine waves with envelope
sample = (wave1 + wave2 + wave3) * envelope
# Convert to 16-bit PCM
sample_int = int(sample * 32767)
frames.append(struct.pack('<h', sample_int))
# Write WAV file
with wave.open(filename, 'wb') as wav_file:
wav_file.setnchannels(1) # Mono
wav_file.setsampwidth(2) # 16-bit
wav_file.setframerate(sample_rate)
wav_file.writeframes(b''.join(frames))
return filename
def play_audio_file(filename):
"""Play an audio file using the system's default audio player"""
try:
if os.path.exists(filename):
# Try different audio players based on the system
if os.name == 'posix': # macOS/Linux
if subprocess.run(['which', 'afplay'], capture_output=True).returncode == 0:
subprocess.run(['afplay', filename], check=True)
return True
elif subprocess.run(['which', 'aplay'], capture_output=True).returncode == 0:
subprocess.run(['aplay', filename], check=True)
return True
elif os.name == 'nt': # Windows
subprocess.run(['start', filename], shell=True, check=True)
return True
except Exception as e:
print(f"Could not play audio file: {e}")
return False
class Particle:
def __init__(self, pos, velocity, color, lifetime=1.0):
self.pos = list(pos) # [x, y, z] in voxel coordinates
self.velocity = list(velocity) # [vx, vy, vz] in voxels per second
self.color = color
self.lifetime = lifetime
self.age = 0.0
self.active = True
def update(self, dt):
"""Update particle position and age"""
if not self.active:
return
self.age += dt
if self.age >= self.lifetime:
self.active = False
return
# Update position
for i in range(3):
self.pos[i] += self.velocity[i] * dt
# Add gravity effect
self.velocity[1] -= 50 * dt # gravity pulls down
def render(self, frame):
"""Render the particle"""
if not self.active:
return
# Fade out over lifetime
alpha = 1.0 - (self.age / self.lifetime)
faded_color = tuple(int(c * alpha) for c in self.color)
x, y, z = [int(p) for p in self.pos]
add_voxel_safe(frame, x, y, z, faded_color)
class Collectible:
def __init__(self, grid_pos):
self.grid_pos = list(grid_pos)
self.collected = False
self.animation_time = 0.0
def update(self, dt):
"""Update collectible animation"""
self.animation_time += dt
def render(self, frame):
"""Render the collectible with pulsing animation"""
if self.collected:
return
# Convert to voxel coordinates
voxel_pos = [self.grid_pos[j] * CELL_SIZE + CELL_SIZE//2 for j in range(3)]
# Pulsing animation - golden color with brightness variation
pulse = 0.7 + 0.3 * math.sin(self.animation_time * 8) # pulse between 0.7 and 1.0
base_color = (255, 215, 0) # Gold color
color = tuple(int(c * pulse) for c in base_color)
# Render as a diamond/star shape
half_size = COLLECTIBLE_SIZE // 2
for dx in range(-half_size, half_size + 1):
for dy in range(-half_size, half_size + 1):
for dz in range(-half_size, half_size + 1):
# Create a diamond shape (manhattan distance)
distance = abs(dx) + abs(dy) + abs(dz)
if distance <= COLLECTIBLE_SIZE:
x = int(voxel_pos[0]) + dx
y = int(voxel_pos[1]) + dy
z = int(voxel_pos[2]) + dz
add_voxel_safe(frame, x, y, z, color)
def create_pickup_particles(self):
"""Create particles for pickup effect"""
particles = []
voxel_pos = [self.grid_pos[j] * CELL_SIZE + CELL_SIZE//2 for j in range(3)]
# Create burst of particles
for _ in range(12):
# Random velocity in all directions
velocity = [
random.uniform(-30, 30),
random.uniform(10, 40), # Upward bias
random.uniform(-30, 30)
]
# Start at collectible position with small random offset
start_pos = [
voxel_pos[0] + random.uniform(-2, 2),
voxel_pos[1] + random.uniform(-2, 2),
voxel_pos[2] + random.uniform(-2, 2)
]
# Bright sparkle colors
colors = [
(255, 255, 100), # Bright yellow
(255, 200, 100), # Orange-yellow
(255, 255, 200), # Light yellow
(255, 150, 50), # Orange
]
color = random.choice(colors)
particles.append(Particle(start_pos, velocity, color, lifetime=0.8))
return particles
class SnakeGame:
def __init__(self):
# Snake starts in center, moving right
center = GRID_SIZE // 2
self.head_pos = [center, center, center]
self.direction = [1, 0, 0] # moving right initially
# Snake body segments (positions in grid coordinates)
self.segments = []
for i in range(SNAKE_LENGTH):
self.segments.append([center - i - 1, center, center])
# Path planning - create a interesting route through 3D space
self.path_points = self.generate_path()
self.current_target = 0
# Animation timing
self.steps_per_cell = FPS / SNAKE_SPEED # frames needed to move one grid cell
self.step_counter = 0
# Collectibles system
self.collectibles = []
self.snake_length = SNAKE_LENGTH # current snake length (can grow)
self.spawn_timer = 0.0
self.score = 0
# Sound system - track when sounds should be played
self.sound_events = [] # List of (frame_number, sound_type) tuples
self.current_frame = 0
# Particle system
self.particles = []
# Game state
self.game_over = False
self.game_over_frame = None
self.collision_avoidance_disabled = False # Will be enabled near end
# Audio progression system
self.consecutive_collections = 0
self.last_collection_frame = 0
# Spawn initial collectibles strategically
print(f"🐍 Snake starting at {self.head_pos} with {len(self.segments)} segments")
self.spawn_collectible()
self.spawn_collectible()
self.spawn_collectible() # Spawn one more for better gameplay
print(f"📊 Initial setup: {len(self.collectibles)} collectibles spawned")
def generate_path(self):
"""Generate an interesting path through 3D space for the snake to follow"""
points = []
# Create a path that moves through different levels and directions
# Level 1: Horizontal figure-8 pattern
center = GRID_SIZE // 2
for angle in np.linspace(0, 4*math.pi, 16):
x = center + int(2.5 * math.cos(angle))
z = center + int(1.5 * math.sin(2*angle))
y = 2
points.append([max(1, min(GRID_SIZE-2, x)), y, max(1, min(GRID_SIZE-2, z))])
# Level 2: Rising spiral
for i in range(12):
angle = i * 0.8
x = center + int(2 * math.cos(angle))
z = center + int(2 * math.sin(angle))
y = 2 + i // 3
points.append([max(1, min(GRID_SIZE-2, x)), min(GRID_SIZE-2, y), max(1, min(GRID_SIZE-2, z))])
# Level 3: Top level box pattern
top_y = GRID_SIZE - 2
box_points = [
[2, top_y, 2], [6, top_y, 2], [6, top_y, 6], [2, top_y, 6], [2, top_y, 2],
[3, top_y, 3], [5, top_y, 3], [5, top_y, 5], [3, top_y, 5], [3, top_y, 3]
]
points.extend(box_points)
return points
def spawn_collectible(self):
"""Spawn a new collectible at a strategic position"""
if len(self.collectibles) >= MAX_COLLECTIBLES:
return
# Try to spawn in accessible locations for better gameplay
attempts = 0
while attempts < 100: # More attempts to find good positions
if attempts < 40 and len(self.path_points) > 0:
# First try spawning along the path points
path_idx = random.randint(0, len(self.path_points) - 1)
base_pos = self.path_points[path_idx]
# Add some randomness around the path point
pos = [
max(1, min(GRID_SIZE - 2, base_pos[0] + random.randint(-1, 1))),
max(1, min(GRID_SIZE - 2, base_pos[1] + random.randint(-1, 1))),
max(1, min(GRID_SIZE - 2, base_pos[2] + random.randint(-1, 1)))
]
elif attempts < 70:
# Try spawning in open areas (corners and edges)
edge_positions = [
[1, 1, 1], [1, 1, GRID_SIZE-2], [1, GRID_SIZE-2, 1], [1, GRID_SIZE-2, GRID_SIZE-2],
[GRID_SIZE-2, 1, 1], [GRID_SIZE-2, 1, GRID_SIZE-2], [GRID_SIZE-2, GRID_SIZE-2, 1], [GRID_SIZE-2, GRID_SIZE-2, GRID_SIZE-2],
[GRID_SIZE//2, 1, GRID_SIZE//2], [GRID_SIZE//2, GRID_SIZE-2, GRID_SIZE//2],
[1, GRID_SIZE//2, GRID_SIZE//2], [GRID_SIZE-2, GRID_SIZE//2, GRID_SIZE//2]
]
pos = random.choice(edge_positions)
else:
# Random position as final fallback
pos = [
random.randint(1, GRID_SIZE - 2),
random.randint(1, GRID_SIZE - 2),
random.randint(1, GRID_SIZE - 2)
]
# Check if position is occupied by snake
occupied = False
if pos == self.head_pos:
occupied = True
for segment in self.segments:
if pos == segment:
occupied = True
break
# Check if position is occupied by existing collectible
for collectible in self.collectibles:
if pos == collectible.grid_pos:
occupied = True
break
if not occupied:
self.collectibles.append(Collectible(pos))
print(f"🌟 Collectible spawned at {pos}")
break
attempts += 1
def check_collectible_collision(self):
"""Check if snake head collides with any collectibles"""
# Get the current head position (accounting for interpolation)
current_positions = self.get_interpolated_positions()
if not current_positions:
return False
# Use the interpolated head position
head_pos = current_positions[0]
# Convert to grid coordinates for comparison
head_grid_pos = [int(round(head_pos[i])) for i in range(3)]
for collectible in self.collectibles:
if not collectible.collected:
# Check if head is exactly at the collectible position (direct hit)
if head_grid_pos == collectible.grid_pos:
# Collectible collected!
collectible.collected = True
self.score += 1
self.snake_length += 1 # Grow the snake
# Update consecutive collection tracking
frame_gap = self.current_frame - self.last_collection_frame
if frame_gap <= 90: # Within 3 seconds (90 frames at 30fps)
self.consecutive_collections += 1
else:
self.consecutive_collections = 1 # Reset chain
self.last_collection_frame = self.current_frame
# Record sound event with pitch information
pitch_level = min(self.consecutive_collections - 1, 6) # Cap at 6 levels
self.sound_events.append((self.current_frame, "pickup", pitch_level))
# Create particle effect
pickup_particles = collectible.create_pickup_particles()
self.particles.extend(pickup_particles)
print(f"🍎 Collectible collected at {collectible.grid_pos}! Score: {self.score}, Snake length: {self.snake_length}")
print(f" Head was at {head_grid_pos} (exact match!) Consecutive: {self.consecutive_collections}, Pitch: {pitch_level}")
return True
return False
def update_collectibles(self, dt):
"""Update all collectibles and handle spawning"""
# Update existing collectibles
for collectible in self.collectibles:
collectible.update(dt)
# Remove collected collectibles after a short delay
self.collectibles = [c for c in self.collectibles if not c.collected]
# Handle spawning - spawn more aggressively to ensure collection opportunities
self.spawn_timer += dt
spawn_probability = COLLECTIBLE_SPAWN_RATE * dt
# Increase spawn rate if there are fewer collectibles
if len(self.collectibles) < 2:
spawn_probability *= 2.0 # Double spawn rate when low on collectibles
if random.random() < spawn_probability:
self.spawn_collectible()
def would_collide_with_self(self, new_head):
"""Check if moving to new_head would cause self-collision"""
# Check against current segments (body)
for segment in self.segments:
if new_head == segment:
return True
return False
def find_safe_direction(self, preferred_direction):
"""Find a safe direction that doesn't cause self-collision"""
# If collision avoidance is disabled (for game over), allow collision
if self.collision_avoidance_disabled:
return preferred_direction
# All possible directions: right, left, up, down, forward, back
directions = [
[1, 0, 0], [-1, 0, 0], # x-axis
[0, 1, 0], [0, -1, 0], # y-axis
[0, 0, 1], [0, 0, -1] # z-axis
]
# Try preferred direction first if safe
if preferred_direction != [0, 0, 0]:
new_head = [self.head_pos[i] + preferred_direction[i] for i in range(3)]
# Check bounds and self-collision
in_bounds = all(1 <= new_head[i] <= GRID_SIZE-2 for i in range(3))
if in_bounds and not self.would_collide_with_self(new_head):
return preferred_direction
# If preferred direction is unsafe, try other directions
for direction in directions:
# Don't reverse direction (move backwards into body)
if direction == [-d for d in self.direction]:
continue
new_head = [self.head_pos[i] + direction[i] for i in range(3)]
# Check bounds and self-collision
in_bounds = all(1 <= new_head[i] <= GRID_SIZE-2 for i in range(3))
if in_bounds and not self.would_collide_with_self(new_head):
return direction
# If no safe direction found, keep current direction (emergency)
return self.direction
def find_nearest_collectible(self):
"""Find the nearest uncollected collectible"""
nearest = None
min_distance = float('inf')
for collectible in self.collectibles:
if not collectible.collected:
# Calculate Manhattan distance
distance = sum(abs(self.head_pos[i] - collectible.grid_pos[i]) for i in range(3))
if distance < min_distance:
min_distance = distance
nearest = collectible
return nearest
def update_direction(self):
"""Update snake direction to move toward collectibles or follow path"""
# Priority 1: Move toward nearest collectible
nearest_collectible = self.find_nearest_collectible()
if nearest_collectible:
target = nearest_collectible.grid_pos
else:
# Priority 2: Follow the predetermined path
if self.current_target >= len(self.path_points):
self.current_target = 0 # Loop back to start
target = self.path_points[self.current_target]
# Calculate direction to target
diff = [target[i] - self.head_pos[i] for i in range(3)]
# Choose the axis with the largest difference
max_diff = max(abs(d) for d in diff) if any(d != 0 for d in diff) else 0
if max_diff == 0:
# Reached target, move to next path point if following path
if not nearest_collectible:
self.current_target += 1
return
# Set preferred direction to move toward target (one axis at a time)
preferred_direction = [0, 0, 0]
for i in range(3):
if abs(diff[i]) == max_diff:
preferred_direction[i] = 1 if diff[i] > 0 else -1
break
# Find safe direction (avoiding self-collision)
self.direction = self.find_safe_direction(preferred_direction)
def update(self, frame_number):
"""Update snake position based on constant speed movement"""
self.current_frame = frame_number
dt = 1.0 / FPS # delta time for this frame
# Check if we should trigger game over (near end of animation)
if not self.game_over and frame_number > FRAMES - 150: # Last 5 seconds
# Disable collision avoidance to allow "accidental" collision
self.collision_avoidance_disabled = True
# If game is over, don't update movement
if self.game_over:
# Still update particles for visual effects
for particle in self.particles:
particle.update(dt)
self.particles = [p for p in self.particles if p.active]
return
# Update collectibles
self.update_collectibles(dt)
# Update particles
for particle in self.particles:
particle.update(dt)
# Remove inactive particles
self.particles = [p for p in self.particles if p.active]
# Check for collisions every frame (not just when moving to new grid cell)
self.check_collectible_collision()
self.step_counter += 1
# Move to next grid cell when enough time has passed
if self.step_counter >= self.steps_per_cell:
self.step_counter = 0
# Update direction toward next target
self.update_direction()
# Move head
new_head = [self.head_pos[i] + self.direction[i] for i in range(3)]
# Keep snake within bounds
for i in range(3):
new_head[i] = max(1, min(GRID_SIZE-2, new_head[i]))
# Check for self-collision BEFORE moving
if self.would_collide_with_self(new_head):
self.game_over = True
self.game_over_frame = frame_number
self.sound_events.append((frame_number, "game_over"))
print(f"💀 GAME OVER! Snake collided with itself at frame {frame_number}")
print(f"🏆 Final score: {self.score} collectibles collected!")
print(f"🐍 Final snake length: {self.snake_length} segments")
return
# Check if we reached the target
target = self.path_points[self.current_target] if self.current_target < len(self.path_points) else self.path_points[0]
if new_head == target:
self.current_target += 1
# Update snake body
self.segments.insert(0, list(self.head_pos)) # Add old head to body
# Update head position
self.head_pos = new_head
# Maintain snake length (grow if collectibles were eaten)
if len(self.segments) > self.snake_length:
self.segments.pop() # Remove tail
def get_interpolated_positions(self):
"""Get smoothly interpolated positions for rendering"""
# Interpolation factor for smooth movement between grid cells
t = self.step_counter / self.steps_per_cell
positions = []
# Interpolated head position
if self.segments:
old_head = self.segments[0]
interp_head = [old_head[i] + t * self.direction[i] for i in range(3)]
positions.append(interp_head)
else:
positions.append(list(self.head_pos))
# Body segments (no interpolation needed, they follow discretely)
positions.extend(self.segments)
return positions
def render_contiguous_segment(self, frame, start_pos, end_pos, color, size):
"""Render a contiguous segment between two positions"""
# Convert grid positions to voxel coordinates
start_voxel = [start_pos[j] * CELL_SIZE + CELL_SIZE//2 for j in range(3)]
end_voxel = [end_pos[j] * CELL_SIZE + CELL_SIZE//2 for j in range(3)]
# Calculate the direction vector
direction = [end_voxel[i] - start_voxel[i] for i in range(3)]
# Find the maximum distance along any axis
max_distance = max(abs(d) for d in direction)
if max_distance == 0:
# Same position, just render a single segment
self.render_single_segment(frame, start_voxel, color, size)
return
# Interpolate along the path to fill gaps
steps = max(int(max_distance), 1)
for step in range(steps + 1):
t = step / steps if steps > 0 else 0
interp_pos = [
start_voxel[i] + t * direction[i] for i in range(3)
]
self.render_single_segment(frame, interp_pos, color, size)
def render_single_segment(self, frame, voxel_pos, color, size):
"""Render a single segment at the given voxel position"""
half_size = size // 2
for dx in range(-half_size, half_size + 1):
for dy in range(-half_size, half_size + 1):
for dz in range(-half_size, half_size + 1):
# Add some shape variation - not perfectly cubic
distance = abs(dx) + abs(dy) + abs(dz)
if distance <= size:
x = int(voxel_pos[0]) + dx
y = int(voxel_pos[1]) + dy
z = int(voxel_pos[2]) + dz
add_voxel_safe(frame, x, y, z, color)
def render(self, frame):
"""Render the snake, collectibles, particles, and UI to the frame"""
# Render collectibles first (so they appear behind snake if overlapping)
for collectible in self.collectibles:
collectible.render(frame)
# Render particles
for particle in self.particles:
particle.render(frame)
# Render snake with contiguous segments
positions = self.get_interpolated_positions()
# Color scheme - vibrant gaming colors
head_color = (255, 100, 100) # Bright red head
body_colors = [
(100, 255, 100), # Bright green
(120, 255, 120), # Light green
(80, 200, 80), # Medium green
(60, 180, 60), # Darker green
]
if len(positions) == 0:
return
# Render head
head_voxel_pos = [positions[0][j] * CELL_SIZE + CELL_SIZE//2 for j in range(3)]
self.render_single_segment(frame, head_voxel_pos, head_color, SEGMENT_SIZE + 1)
# Render body segments with connections
for i in range(1, len(positions)):
# Choose color for this segment
color_idx = (i - 1) % len(body_colors)
color = body_colors[color_idx]
# Render the segment itself
segment_voxel_pos = [positions[i][j] * CELL_SIZE + CELL_SIZE//2 for j in range(3)]
self.render_single_segment(frame, segment_voxel_pos, color, SEGMENT_SIZE)
# Render connection between this segment and the previous one
prev_pos = positions[i-1]
curr_pos = positions[i]
self.render_contiguous_segment(frame, prev_pos, curr_pos, color, SEGMENT_SIZE)
# Render score in top left corner
score_text = f"SCORE: {self.score}"
render_string(frame, score_text, 2, SIZE-8, 2, spacing=1, color=(255, 255, 255), axis='z', scale=1)
# Render game over text if game is over
if self.game_over:
# Render "GAME" and "OVER" on separate lines
game_text = "GAME"
over_text = "OVER"
# Calculate positioning for centered text
game_width = len(game_text) * 6 * 2 # scale=2
over_width = len(over_text) * 6 * 2 # scale=2
game_center_x = (SIZE - game_width) // 2
over_center_x = (SIZE - over_width) // 2
center_y = SIZE // 2
# Render "GAME" on first line
render_string(frame, game_text, game_center_x, center_y + 6, SIZE//2,
spacing=2, color=(255, 0, 0), axis='z', scale=2)
# Render "OVER" on second line (below "GAME")
render_string(frame, over_text, over_center_x, center_y - 6, SIZE//2,
spacing=2, color=(255, 0, 0), axis='z', scale=2)
def generate_audio_for_splv(self, sample_rate=44100):
"""Generate audio buffer for direct encoding into .splv file"""
if not self.sound_events:
print("No sound events recorded")
return None, None
# Calculate total duration
total_duration = SECONDS
total_samples = int(total_duration * sample_rate)
# Initialize audio buffer
audio_buffer = np.zeros(total_samples, dtype=np.float32)
# Generate pickup sounds with different pitches
pickup_duration = 0.3
pickup_samples = int(pickup_duration * sample_rate)
pickup_sounds = {} # Dictionary to store different pitch levels
# Create 7 different pitch levels (0-6)
for pitch_level in range(7):
pickup_sound = np.zeros(pickup_samples, dtype=np.float32)
# Base frequency increases with pitch level
base_freq = 440 + (pitch_level * 80) # 440, 520, 600, 680, 760, 840, 920 Hz
for i in range(pickup_samples):
t = float(i) / sample_rate
freq = base_freq + (base_freq * 0.5 * t / pickup_duration) # Slight upward sweep
wave1 = math.sin(freq * 2.0 * math.pi * t) * 0.5
wave2 = math.sin(freq * 3.0 * 2.0 * math.pi * t) * 0.3
wave3 = math.sin(freq * 5.0 * 2.0 * math.pi * t) * 0.2
envelope = math.exp(-t * 5.0)
pickup_sound[i] = (wave1 + wave2 + wave3) * envelope * 0.3 # Lower volume
pickup_sounds[pitch_level] = pickup_sound
# Generate game over sound (dramatic descending tone)
game_over_duration = 1.5
game_over_samples = int(game_over_duration * sample_rate)
game_over_sound = np.zeros(game_over_samples, dtype=np.float32)
for i in range(game_over_samples):
t = float(i) / sample_rate
# Descending frequency from 330Hz to 110Hz
freq = 330 - (220 * t / game_over_duration)
# Multiple harmonics for dramatic effect
wave1 = math.sin(freq * 2.0 * math.pi * t) * 0.6
wave2 = math.sin(freq * 0.5 * 2.0 * math.pi * t) * 0.4
wave3 = math.sin(freq * 1.5 * 2.0 * math.pi * t) * 0.3
# Gradual decay envelope
envelope = math.exp(-t * 1.5)
game_over_sound[i] = (wave1 + wave2 + wave3) * envelope * 0.5
# Place sound effects at the correct times
for sound_event in self.sound_events:
if len(sound_event) == 2:
# Old format: (frame_number, sound_type)
frame_number, sound_type = sound_event
pitch_level = 0 # Default pitch
else:
# New format: (frame_number, sound_type, pitch_level)
frame_number, sound_type, pitch_level = sound_event
time_seconds = frame_number / FPS
sample_start = int(time_seconds * sample_rate)
if sound_type == "pickup":
# Use the appropriate pitch level
pickup_sound = pickup_sounds.get(pitch_level, pickup_sounds[0])
# Add pickup sound to buffer
for i in range(pickup_samples):
if sample_start + i < total_samples:
audio_buffer[sample_start + i] += pickup_sound[i]
elif sound_type == "game_over":
# Add game over sound to buffer
for i in range(game_over_samples):
if sample_start + i < total_samples:
audio_buffer[sample_start + i] += game_over_sound[i]
# Normalize audio to prevent clipping
if np.max(np.abs(audio_buffer)) > 0:
audio_buffer = audio_buffer / np.max(np.abs(audio_buffer)) * 0.8
# Convert to uint8 format for SPLV encoding (as per spatialstudio docs)
# First convert to 16-bit range, then to uint8
audio_16bit = (audio_buffer * 32767).astype(np.int16)
audio_uint8 = ((audio_16bit.astype(np.float32) + 32768) / 65536 * 255).astype(np.uint8)
# Audio parameters: (channels, sampleRate, bytesPerSample)
audio_params = (1, sample_rate, 1) # Mono, 44.1kHz, 1 byte per sample
return audio_uint8, audio_params
def main():
"""Generate the snake game animation"""
print(f"Creating snake game animation: {SIZE}³ voxels, {SECONDS}s @ {FPS}fps")
print(f"Snake moves on {GRID_SIZE}³ logical grid at {SNAKE_SPEED} cells/second")
# Initialize snake game
snake = SnakeGame()
# Initialize encoder with audio support (we'll generate audio after simulation)
# Use placeholder audio params for now
audio_params = (1, 44100, 1) # Mono, 44.1kHz, 1 byte per sample
encoder = splv.splv.Encoder(
width=SIZE,
height=SIZE,
depth=SIZE,
framerate=FPS,
audioParams=audio_params, # Enable audio encoding
outputPath=OUTPUT_PATH
)
# Generate frames
for frame_idx in tqdm(range(FRAMES), desc="Generating frames"):
# Update snake position
snake.update(frame_idx)
# Create frame
frame = splv.splv.Frame(SIZE, SIZE, SIZE)
# Render snake
snake.render(frame)
# Encode frame
encoder.encode(frame)
# Now generate audio data based on collected sound events
audio_data, _ = snake.generate_audio_for_splv()
# Encode audio data into the .splv file
if audio_data is not None and len(snake.sound_events) > 0:
print(f"🎵 Encoding {len(audio_data)} audio samples into .splv file...")
encoder.encode_audio(audio_data)
print(f"🎶 {len(snake.sound_events)} sound effects included")
encoder.finish()
print(f"✨ Snake game animation with audio saved to {OUTPUT_PATH}")
print(f"🏆 Final score: {snake.score} collectibles collected!")
print(f"🐍 Final snake length: {snake.snake_length} segments")
if snake.sound_events:
print("🔊 Audio has been encoded directly into the .splv file!")
else:
print("🔇 No collectibles were collected, no audio track generated")
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
Next steps
- Adjust
GRID_SIZE,SNAKE_SPEED, andCOLLECTIBLE_SPAWN_RATEto shape gameplay. - Tweak the color palette in
renderfor a different look. - Increase
SECONDSto render a longer run. - Add new sound types by extending
sound_eventshandling.